abstract：:Thymulin is a thymic hormone exclusively produced by the epithelial cells of the thymus. After its discovery and initial characterization in the '70s, it was demonstrated that the production and secretion of thymulin are strongly influenced by the neuro-endocrine system. Conversely, a growing body of evidence, to be r...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Reggiani PC,Schwerdt JI,Console GM,Roggero EA,Dardenne M,Goya RG

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Pathological processes that have been linked with preterm birth infection and / or intrauterine inflammation are most frequently found associated with their induction. Studies in animal models and human research showed prior infections to the ind...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Burdet J,Rubio AP,Salazar AI,Ribeiro ML,Ibarra C,Franchi AM

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the development of strong antibiotics, the pneumonia death is increasing all over the world in these decades. Among the people who died of pneumonia, the majority were 65 years old or over. Although pneumonia is recently categorized into several entities, aspiration pneumonia includes all entities. Therefore, ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Ebihara S,Ebihara T,Gui P,Osaka K,Sumi Y,Kohzuki M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the stomach, pre-absorptive perception of food constituents is of particular importance in maintaining secretion and motility that matches the quantity and quality of nutrients. Products of food protein hydrolysis, free amino acids and short peptides, are the most potent chemical stimulants of the gastric phase of ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Zolotarev VA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiac ischemia, followed by reperfusion, often results in the development of cardiac contractile dysfunction that limits the recovery prognosis of patients. The current goal of pharmacological therapy in the course of ischemic heart disease is to improve the oxygen supply/demand ratio for the heart. Cardiac contract...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Sawicki G

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is often considered as a causative factor in carcinogenesis. In addition, current knowledge recognizes oxidative stress as a mechanism by which various cancer therapies act against cancer. To ameliorate the side effects of cancer therapy, many of the patients suffering from cancer are subject to adjuv...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Milkovic L,Siems W,Siems R,Zarkovic N

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms of beneficial preventive and therapeutic effects achieved by traditional and complementary medicine are currently being deciphered in molecular medicine. Curcumin, a yellow-colored polyphenol derived from the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa), influences a wide variety of cellular processes through th...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Troselj KG,Kujundzic RN

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The disappointing results in long-term survival of patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may be attributed, at least in part, to the lack of knowledge on the way by which genetic characteristics in normal and neoplastic cells affect responsiveness as well as metabolism of chemotherapy and new targete...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Galvani E,Toffalorio F,Peters GJ,De Pas T,Giovannetti E

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The impact of depression on physical disability is undisputed. There is convincing evidence that depression increases the subsequent risk for physical disability and, in turn, physical disability results in increased depressive symptoms. Moreover, depression affects also the earlier stages of the disablement process (...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Milaneschi Y,Penninx BW

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are a serious viral health problem globally, causing liver cirrhosis and inflammation that can develop to hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Since the HCV NS3/4A protease complex cleaves the scissile peptide bond in the viral encoded polypeptide to release the non-structural protein...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Meeprasert A,Rungrotmongkol T,Li MS,Hannongbua S

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of evidence shows that gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an addictive substance. Its precursors gammabutyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) show the same properties and may pose even more risks due to different pharmacokinetics. There are indications that problematic GHB use is increasing in t...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Brunt TM,van Amsterdam JG,van den Brink W

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exercise and sports activity are beneficial both physically and psychologically but excessive exercise may have adverse physiological and psychological effects. There are methodological issues in the definition, diagnosis and etiology of exercise addiction. Several questionnaires and diagnostic tools have been develop...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Weinstein A,Weinstein Y

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many therapeutically active medications have significant side effects, some of which can compromise the intended therapeutic goal. The development of plasma lipid abnormalities or a dyslipidemia as the result of a medication intended for an unrelated effect has been reported. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infecti...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Whayne TF,Mukherjee D

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several diseases of the heart have been linked to an insufficient ability to generate enough energy (ATP) to sustain proper heart function. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance (MR) is a novel technique that can visualize and quantify myocardial energy metabolism. Hyperpolarization enhances the MR signal from a biologica...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Lauritzen MH,Sogaard LV,Madsen PL,Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA interference (RNAi) has quickly proven to be an immensely useful tool for studying gene function and validation of potential drug targets in almost all organisms that possess the required set of proteins of the interference pathway. In protozoan parasites like Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Entamoeba, Giardia, Trypanosom...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Mueller AK,Hammerschmidt-Kamper C,Kaiser A

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Statins effectively reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. However, even after low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment there is a residual CVD risk. To reduce this risk, combining statins with drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was investigated. The GREek Atorvastatin ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Athyros VG,Katsiki N,Karagiannis A,Mikhailidis DP

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic plasticity is now known to occur at glutamate synapses throughout the brain, including the neocortex, and to play a role in neurodevelopment as well as in a broad spectrum of adult neural functions. Here the hypothesis that synaptic plasticity, specifically long term depression, is the neural substrate that m...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Selemon LD

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation is part of an important mechanism triggered by the innate immune response that rapidly responds to invading microorganisms and tissue injury. One important elicitor of the inflammatory response is the Gram-negative bacteria component lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which induces the activation of innate immune ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： de Almeida OP Jr,Toledo TR,Rossi D,Rossetto Dde B,Watanabe TF,Galvão FC,Medeiros AI,Zanelli CF,Valentini SR

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Currently management of food allergy is mainly based on absolute avoidance of the offending food(s) and the use of rescue medication. However, the risk of severe or life-threatening reactions due to inadvertent exposure, nutritional imbalance and social isolation raises the demand of disease-modifying treatments. The ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Sabato V,Faber M,Van Gasse A,Hagendorens MM,Leysen J,Bridts CH,De Clerck LS,Ebo DG

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma is an allergy-mediated inflammatory disease characterised by infiltration of the airway with mast cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. The disease is induced by co-ordination of T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) cytokines and inflammatory signal molecules. Fruits and vegetables are a rich source of polyphenolic bioact...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Nyanhanda T,Gould EM,Hurst RD

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syncytin-1 is a protein coded by a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) gene of the HERV-W family (HERVWE1). Syncytin- 1 mediates formation of syncytiotrophoblasts through fusion of cytotrophoblasts, a hallmark of terminal differentiation of placental trophoblast linage. Syncytin-1 also possesses nonfusogenic functions ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Zhuang XW,Li J,Brost BC,Xia XY,Chen HB,Wang CX,Jiang SW

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal epithelium forms a barrier against the intestinal contents and the wider environment, allowing entry of selected molecules for nutrition and programming of the mucosal immune system, but excluding toxins and most microorganisms. Many receptors and signalling pathways are coupled and implicated in the ep...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Talero E,Garcia-Maurino S,Motilva V

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase are key enzymes mediating the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. DNA hypermethylation and/or histone deacetylation in promoter regions is often associated with downregulation or silencing of transcription. Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes plays ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Xu S,Ren J,Chen HB,Wang Y,Liu Q,Zhang R,Jiang SW,Li J

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emerging evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can act as oncogenes in the initiation and progression of leukemia and lymphoma. Aberrant expression of oncogenic miRNAs, including miR-155, miR-17-92, miR-21, miR-125b, miR-93, miR-143-p3, miR-196b, and miR-223 promotes leukemogenesis through increasing the leukemic...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Pan Y,Meng M,Zhang G,Han H,Zhou Q

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA methylation is an important regulatory component which influences phenotypes by modulating gene expression. Changes in DNA methylation may lead to altered phenotypes and ability of an organism to respond to stress leading to subsequent manifestation of life style diseases, cancer, etc. The human X chromosome repre...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Rajpathak SN,Deobagkar DD

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insight is provided herein into the novel mechanisms of cardiometabolic risk. Previous reports, including the epidemiological work of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor study, indicated that proinflammatory state and oxidative stress are crucial for evaluating cardiometabolic risk. Autoimmune pathways in the course of oxid...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Onat A,Can G

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a multi-functional cytokine that regulates a variety of signaling pathways implicated in inflammation, immunity, cell death (apoptosis), cell survival (anti-apoptosis), and even tumorigenesis. TNF-α is predominantly produced by macrophages (or Kupffer cells within the liver), but...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Jang MK,Kim HS,Chung YH

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, nanosuspensions have been accepted as a valuable drug delivery system for poorly water-soluble drugs. Topdown and bottom-up technologies are the two main approaches for generating nanosuspensions. Several products manufactured by the top-down technologies have been successfully commercialized demonstr...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Zhang X,Li LC,Mao S

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebral ischemia is one of the major causes of disability worldwide. In cerebral ischemic stroke, occlusion of a major cerebral artery by an embolus or local thrombosis can result in transient or permanent reduction of cerebral blood flow to a portion of the brain, resulting in deprivation of glucose and oxygen. Sinc...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Shah K,Abbruscato T

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phenomenon of blood serum atherogenicity was described as the ability of human serum to induce lipid accumulation in cultured cells. The results of recent two-year prospective study in asymptomatic men provided the evidence for association between the changes in serum atherogenicity and dynamics of carotid intima-...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Sobenin IA,Myasoedova VA,Anisimova EV,Pavlova XN,Möhlenkamp S,Schmermund A,Seibel R,Berenbein S,Lehmann N,Moebus S,Jöckel K,Orekhov AN,Erbel R

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Philosophers have been trying to solve the mind-body problem for hundreds of years. Consciousness is the core of this problem: How do subjective conscious sensations, perceptions, feelings, and thoughts arise out of objective physical brain activities? How is this subjective conscious world in causal interaction with ...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Långsjo JW,Revonsuo A,Scheinin H

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory and infectious diseases include many different clinical conditions not often well recognised and characterized with conventional radiology and biochemical tests. Radiological techniques (TC, MRI, US) show anatomical changes that usually occur in chronic stages of the disease leading to a delayed diagnosis...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Signore A,Lauri C,Galli F

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell therapy has been proposed to treat patients with end-stage heart failure. However, it has been suggested that the significant mechanical forces in an often ischaemic, inflamed, biochemically hostile environment may cause poor cell survival and retention. It is hypothesised that tissue engineering techniques could...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Rao C,Barratt H,Prodromakis T,Terracciano CM

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aim of the presented study was to investigate the role of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1α) in mobilizing stem cells in combination with endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation in a regenerative strategy for myocardial infarction therapy in a murine ischemia/reperfusion model. Initially bone marrow was eradi...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Schuh A,Konschalla S,Kroh A,Schober A,Marx N,Sonmez TT,Zenke M,Sasse A,Liehn EA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been shown to have beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease prognosis and therapy.Discovery of (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] revealed that (P)RR upon binding to both renin or prorenin in their proenzyme inactive form made them enzymatically active, thus aiding the...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Ando T,Ichihara A

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular Mechanics (MM) force fields are the methods of choice for protein simulations, which are essential in the study of conformational flexibility. Given the importance of protein flexibility in drug binding, MM is involved in most if not all Computational Structure-Based Drug Discovery (CSBDD) projects. This pap...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Vanommeslaeghe K,Guvench O,MacKerell AD Jr

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging is a stage of life of all living organisms. According to the free-radical theory, aging cells gradually become unable to maintain cellular homeostasis due to the adverse effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can cause irreversible DNA mutations, protein and lipid damage which are increasingly accumulated...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Tezil T,Basaga H

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metal ions that leach into biotherapeutic drug product solution during manufacturing and storage, result in contamination that can cause physico-chemical degradation of the active molecule. In this review, we describe various mechanisms by which metal ion leachates can interact with therapeutic proteins and antibodies...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Kumar S,Zhou S,Singh SK

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is now recognised as an important modulator of various central nervous system processes. More recently, an increasing body of evidence has accumulated to suggest antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective roles of ECS. In this review we discuss the role and therapeutic potentia...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Velayudhan L,Van Diepen E,Marudkar M,Hands O,Suribhatla S,Prettyman R,Murray J,Baillon S,Bhattacharyya S

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high mortality partly due to acquiring drug resistance during chemotherapy treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the underlying mechanism of drug resistance. METHODS:We used 2-DE and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis to explore the possible molecular insight into 5-FU resis...

journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design

authors： Tan Y,Qin S,Hou X,Qian X,Xia J,Li Y,Wang R,Chen C,Yang Q,Miele L,Wu Q,Wang Z

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00